• [1]

    M. J. Strassler and K. M. Zurek, Phys. Lett. B 651, 374 (2007), arXiv: hep-ph/0604261[hep-ph]

  • [2]

    M. J. Strassler and K. M. Zurek, Phys. Lett. B 661, 263 (2008), arXiv: hep-ph/0605193[hep-ph]

  • [3]

    N. Craig, A. Katz, M. Strassler et al., JHEP 07, 105 (2015), arXiv: 1501.05310[hep-ph]

  • [4]

    D. Curtin, R. Essig, S. Gori et al., Phys. Rev. D 90, 075004 (2014), arXiv: 1312.4992[hep-ph]

  • [5]

    D. Curtin and C. B. Verhaaren, JHEP 12, 072 (2015), arXiv: 1506.06141[hep-ph]

  • [6]

    B. Bhattacherjee, S. Matsumoto, and R. Sengupta, Phys. Rev. D 106, 095018 (2022), arXiv: 2111.02437[hep-ph]

  • [7]

    M. Cepeda et al., CERN Yellow Rep. Monogr. 7, 221 (2019), arXiv: 1902.00134[hep-ph]

  • [8]

    J. Alimena et al., J. Phys. G 47, 090501 (2020), arXiv: 1903.04497[hep-ph]

  • [9]

    L. Lee, C. Ohm, A. Soffer et al., Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 106, 210 (2019), arXiv: 1810.12602[hep-ph]

  • [10]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 161803 (2024), [Erratum: Phys.Rev.Lett. 135, 259901 (2025)], arXiv:2403.15332[hep-ex].

  • [11]

    CMS Collaboration, Rept. Prog. Phys. 88, 037801 (2025), arXiv: 2409.10806[hep-ex]

  • [12]

    CMS Collaboration, Phys. Rev. D 104, 012015 (2021), arXiv: 2012.01581[hep-ex]

  • [13]

    ATLAS Collaboration, JHEP 11, 229 (2021), arXiv: 2107.06092 [hep-ex]

  • [14]

    Z. Flowers, D. W. Kang, Q. Meier et al., JHEP 03, 132 (2020), arXiv: 1903.05825[hep-ph]

  • [15]

    S. Banerjee, B. Bhattacherjee, A. Goudelis et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 172 (2021), arXiv: 1912.06669[hep-ph]

  • [16]

    O. Cerri, S. Xie, C. Pena et al., JHEP 04, 037 (2019)

  • [17]

    B. Bhattacherjee, T. Ghosh, R. Sengupta et al., JHEP 08, 254 (2022), arXiv: 2112.04518[hep-ph]

  • [18]

    J. Liu, Z. Liu, and L. T. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 131801 (2019), arXiv: 1805.05957[hep-ph]

  • [19]

    O. Cerri (CMS Collaboration), in 13th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (2018), arXiv: 1810.00860 [physics.ins-det]

  • [20]

    J. Jones-Perez, J. Masias, and J. D. Ruiz-Alvarez, Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 642 (2020), arXiv: 1912.08206[hep-ph]

  • [21]

    CMS Collaboration, A MIP Timing Detector for the CMS Phase-2 Upgrade, Tech. Rep. (CERN, Geneva, 2019)

  • [22]

    V. V. Gligorov, (2026), arXiv: 2607.01496 [physics.ins-det]

  • [23]

    ATLAS Collaboration, Technical Design Report: A High-Granularity Timing Detector for the ATLAS Phase-Ⅱ Upgrade, Tech. Rep. (CERN, Geneva, 2020)

  • [24]

    J. Alwall, R. Frederix, S. Frixione et al., JHEP 07, 079 (2014), arXiv: 1405.0301[hep-ph]

  • [25]

    R. D. Ball et al., J. Phys. G 49, 080501 (2022), arXiv: 2203.05506[hep-ph]

  • [26]

    C. Bierlich et al., SciPost Phys. Codeb. 2022, 8 (2022), arXiv: 2203.11601[hep-ph]

  • [27]

    J. de Favereau et al. (DELPHES 3 Collaboration), JHEP 02, 057 (2014), arXiv: 1307.6346[hep-ex]

  • [28]

    F. Addesa, et al., Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 1081, 170823 (2026), arXiv: 2504.11209[physics.ins-det]

  • [29]

    The Phase-2 Upgrade of the CMS Tracker, Tech. Rep. (CERN, Geneva, 2017)

  • [30]

    M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez, JHEP 04, 063 (2008), arXiv: 0802.1189[hep-ph]

  • [31]

    M. Cacciari, G. P. Salam, and G. Soyez, Eur. Phys. J. C 72, 1896 (2012), arXiv: 1111.6097[hep-ph]

  • [32]

    D. de Florian et al., 10.23731/CYRM-2017-002, (2016), arXiv: 1610.07922[hep-ph]

  • [33]

    D. Acosta, J. Beacham, F. Blekman et al., (2021), arXiv: 2110.14675[hep-ex]

  • [34]

    The Phase-2 Upgrade of the CMS Level-1 Trigger, Tech. Rep. (CERN, Geneva, 2020) final version

  • [35]

    R. E. McCarthy (CMS Collaboration), in 12th Large Hadron Collider Physics Conference, Vol. LHCP2024 (2025) p. 274

  • [36]

    S. Chatrchyan et al. (CMS Collaboration), JINST 9(10), P10009 (2014), arXiv: 1405.6569[physics.ins-det]

  • [37]

    D. Bertolini, P. Harris, M. Low et al., JHEP 10, 059 (2014), arXiv: 1407.6013[hep-ph]

  • [38]

    G. Cowan, K. Cranmer, E. Gross et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 71, 1554 (2011) [Erratum: Eur. Phys. J. C 73, 2501 (2013)]

  • [39]

    A. L. Read, J. Phys. G 28, 2693 (2002)