Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions

Fei Niu; Chun-Wang Ma

doi:10.1088/1674-1137/42/3/034102

Chinese Physics C> 2018, Vol. 42> Issue(3) : 034102 DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/3/034102

Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions

Fei Niu ^1,2 ,
Chun-Wang Ma ^1,,

1.
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
2.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
3.
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China

Abstract
HTML
Reference
Related

PDF

Abstract：
The ratio of pairing-energy coefficient to temperature (a_p/T) of neutron-rich fragments produced in spallation reactions has been investigated by adopting an isobaric yield ratio method deduced in the framework of a modified Fisher model. A series of spallation reactions, 0.5A and 1A GeV ²⁰⁸Pb + p, 1A GeV ²³⁸U + p, 0.5A GeV ¹³⁶Xe + d, 0.2A, 0.5A and 1A GeV ¹³⁶Xe + p, and ⁵⁶Fe + p with incident energy ranging from 0.3A to 1.5A GeV, has been analysed. An obvious odd-even staggering is shown in the fragments with small neutron excess (I≡ N-Z), and in the relatively small-A fragments which have large I. The values of a_p/T for the fragments, with I from 0 to 36, have been found to be in a range from -4 to 4, and most values of a_p/T fall in the range from -1 to 1. It is suggested that a small pairing-energy coefficient should be considered in predicting the cross sections of fragments in spallation reactions. It is also concluded that the method proposed in this article is not good for fragments with A/A_s > 85% (where A_s is the mass number of the spallation system).
- pairing energy ,
- neutron-rich isotope ,
- spallation reaction ,
- asymmetric nuclear matter

References

[1]	C. W. Ma, F. Niu, C. Y. Qiao et al, Phys. Rev. C, 94:024615(2016)
[2]	M. Huang, A. Bonasera, Z. Chen et al, Phys. Rev. C, 81:044618(2010)
[3]	C. W. Ma, F. Wang, Y. G. Ma, and C. Jin, Phys. Rev. C, 83:064620(2011)
[4]	K. Kaneko and M. Hasegawa, Phys. Rev. C, 72:031302(2005)
[5]	S. J. Lee and A. Z. Mekjian, Phys. Rev. C, 82:064319(2010)
[6]	Y. F. Niu, Z. M. Niu, N. Paar et al, Phys. Rev. C, 88:034308(2013)
[7]	R. Lisboa, M. Malheiro, and B. V. Carlson Phys. Rev. C, 93:024321(2016)
[8]	W. Zhang, Y.F. Niu, Chin. Phys. C, 41:094102(2017)
[9]	L. Liu, Z.-H. Zhang, P.-W. Zhao, Phys. Rev. C, 92:044304(2015)
[10]	E. Yuksel, E. Kha, K. Bozkurt et al, Eur. Phys. J. A, 50:160(2014)
[11]	R. Donangelo, K. Sneppen, and S. R. Souza, Comput. Phys. Commun., 140:405(2001)
[12]	C. B. Das, S. Das Gupta, W. G. Lynch et al, Phys. Rep., 406:1(2005)
[13]	C. W. Ma, J. Pu, Y. G. Ma et al, Phys. Rev. C, 86:054611(2012)
[14]	C. W. Ma, X. L. Zhao, J. Pu et al, Phys. Rev. C, 88:014609(2013)
[15]	C.-W. Ma, X.-M. Bai, J. Yu, and H.-L. Wei, Eur. Phys. J. A, 50:139(2014)
[16]	S. Goyal and R. K. Puri, Phys. Rev. C, 83:047601(2011)
[17]	Y. K. Vermani, J. K. Dhawan, S. Goyal et al, J. Phys. G:Nucl. Part. Phys., 37:015105(2010)
[18]	R. Kumar, S. Shivani Gautam, Eur. Phys. J. A, 52:112(2016)
[19]	R. Kumar, S. Gautam, and R. K. Puri, J. Phys. G:Nucl. Part. Phys., 43:025104(2016)
[20]	C. B. Das et al, Phys. Rev. C, 64:044608(2001)
[21]	M. B. Tsang et al, Phys. Rev. C, 76:041302(R) (2007)
[22]	R. W. Minich et al, Phys. Lett. B, 118:458(1982)
[23]	A. S. Hirsch et al, Phys. Rev. C, 29:508(1984)
[24]	C. Schmitt, K.-H. Schmidt, and A. Kelić-Heil, Phys. Rev. C, 94:039901(2016); for the corrected version of spacs parameterizations see the erratum Phys. Rev. C, 94:039901(E) (2016)
[25]	C.-W. Ma, L. Huang, and Y.-D. Song, Phys. Rev. C, 95:024612(2017)
[26]	C.-W. Ma, J.-L. Xu, J. Phys. G:Nucl. Part. Phys., 44:125101(2017)
[27]	J.-C. David, Eur. Phys. J. A, 51:68(2015)
[28]	C. W. Ma, C. Y. Qiao, T. T. Ding et al, Nucl. Phys. Sci., 27:111(2016)
[29]	T. T. Ding, C. W. Ma, Nucl. Phys. Sci., 27:132(2016)
[30]	C. W. Ma, T. T. Ding, C. Y. Qiao, and X. G. Cao, Phys. Rev. C, 92:064601(2015)
[31]	M. Yu et al., Nucl. Sci. Tech., 26:S20503(2015)
[32]	C. W. Ma, H. L. Wei, S. S. Wang et al.:Phys. Lett. B, 742:19(2015)
[33]	C.-W. Ma, Y.-D. Song, C.-Y. Qiao et al, J. Phys. G:Nucl. Part. Phys., 43:045102(2016)
[34]	M. Huang, Z. Chen, S. Kowalski et al, Nucl. Phys. A, 847:233(2011)
[35]	M. Huang, Z. Chen, S. Kowalski et al, Phys. Rev. C, 81:044620(2010)
[36]	C. F. von Weizscker, Z. Phys., 96:431(1935)
[37]	H. A. Bethe, Rev. Mod. Phys., 8:82(1936)
[38]	A. E. S. Green and D. F. Edwards, Phys. Rev., 91:46(1953)
[39]	M. Yu, H.-L. Wei, Y.-D. Song et al, Chin. Phys. C, 41:094001(2017)
[40]	H. Jiang, G. J. Fu, Y. M. Zhao et al, Phys. Rev. C, 82:054317(2010)
[41]	A. Bhagwat, Phys. Rev. C, 90:064306(2014)
[42]	L.Audouina, L.Tassan-Gota, P. Armbruster et al, Nucl. Phys. A, 768:1(2006)
[43]	T. Enqvist, W. Wlazlo, P. Armbruster et al, Nucl. Phys. A, 686:481(2001)
[44]	J. Taieb, K.-H Schmidt, L. Tassan-Got et al, Nucl. Phys. A, 724:431(2003)
[45]	C. Paradela, L. Tassan-Got, J. Benlliure et al, Phys. Rev. C, 95:044606(2017)
[46]	J. Alcntara-Nez, J. Benlliure, C. Paradela et al, Phys. Rev. C, 92:024607(2015)
[47]	L. Giot, J. Alcntara-Nez, J. Benlliure et al, Nucl. Phys. A, 899:116(2013)
[48]	P. Napolitani, K.-H. Schmidt, L. Tassan-Got et al, Phys.Rev. C, 76:064609(2007)
[49]	O. Yordanov, J. Ducret, T. Gorbinet et al, J. Phys.:Conf. Ser., 366 012051(2012)
[50]	T Gorbinet, T. Aumann, S. Bianchin et al, Phys. Scr., 2012:014015(2012)
[51]	C. Villagrasa-Canton et al, Phys. Rev. C, 75:044603(2007)
[52]	J. Su, F.-S. Zhang, B.-A. Bian, Phys. Rev. C, 83:014608(2010)

[1]	Yi-Jun Yan , Xin-Le Shang , Jian-Min Dong , Wei Zuo . Coexistence of isospin I = 0 and I = 1 pairings in asymmetric nuclear matter. Chinese Physics C, 2021, 45(7): 074105. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/abf99a
[2]	Hui-Gan Cheng , Zhao-Qing Feng . Light fragment and neutron emission in high-energy proton induced spallation reactions. Chinese Physics C, 2021, 45(8): 084107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ac05a1
[3]	Chun-Wang Ma , Dan Peng , Hui-Ling Wei , Yu-Ting Wang , Jie Pu . A Bayesian-neural-network prediction for fragment production in proton induced spallation reaction. Chinese Physics C, 2020, 44(12): 124107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/abb657
[4]	Xiang Jiang , Nan Wang . Production mechanism of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 in the multi-nucleon transfer reaction ¹³²Sn + ²⁰⁸Pb. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(10): 104105. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/10/104105
[5]	Da-Li Zhang , Cheng-Fu Mu . Shape coexistence close to N=50 in the neutron-rich isotope ⁸⁰Ge investigated by IBM-2. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(3): 034101. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/3/034101
[6]	Zhong Xu , Zhi-Pan Li . Microscopic analysis of octupole shape transitions in neutron-rich actinides with relativistic energy density functional. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(12): 124107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/12/124107
[7]	Mian Yu , Hui-Ling Wei , Yi-Dan Song , Chun-Wang Ma . Experimental determination of one-and two-neutron separation energies for neutron-rich copper isotopes. Chinese Physics C, 2017, 41(9): 094001. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/41/9/094001
[8]	MA Fei , GE Hong-Lin , ZHANG Xue-Ying , ZHANG Hong-Bin , JU Yong-Qin , CHEN Liang , YANG Lei , FU Fen , ZHANG Ya-Ling , LI Jian-Yang , LIANG Tian-Jiao , ZHOU Bin , WANG Song-Lin , LI Jin-Yang , XU Jun-Kui , LEI Xiang-Guo , QIN Zhi , GU Long . Study of neutron activation yields in spallation reaction of 400 MeV/u carbon on a thick lead target. Chinese Physics C, 2014, 38(7): 074002. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/38/7/074002
[9]	MA Chun-Wang , SONG Heng-Li , PU Jie , ZHANG Tong-Lin , ZHANG Sha , WANG Shan-Shan , ZHAO Xin-Li , CHEN Li . Symmetry energy from neutron-rich fragments in heavy-ion collisions, and its dependence on incident energy, and impact parameters. Chinese Physics C, 2013, 37(2): 024102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/37/2/024102
[10]	ZUO Wei , GAN Sheng-Xin . Single particle potentials of asymmetric nuclear matter in different spin-isospin channels. Chinese Physics C, 2012, 36(10): 967-972. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/36/10/009
[11]	DING Huai-Bo , ZHU Sheng-Jiang , WANG Jian-Guo , CHE Xing-Lai , GU Long . Extended collective bands in neutron-rich ¹⁰⁹Ru. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(S1): 154-157. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/S1/049
[12]	ZUO Wei , ZHOU Shan-Gui , LI Jun-Qing , ZHAO En-Guang , Scheid W . Decomposition of the equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter into different spin-isospin channels. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(7): 547-551. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/7/008
[13]	YAO Hai-Bo , WU Shi-Shu . Study of various charged ρ-meson masses in asymmetric nuclear matter. Chinese Physics C, 2009, 33(10): 842-847. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/33/10/005
[14]	ZUO Wei . Single particle properties in asymmetric nuclear matter and TBF rearrangement effect. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(S2): 64-69.
[15]	LI Jin-Hai , OUYANG Hua-Fu , FU Shi-Nian , ZHANG Hua-Shun , HE Wei . Design of the low energy beam transport line for the China spallation neutron source. Chinese Physics C, 2008, 32(3): 227-231. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/32/3/014
[16]	Zhang Changhua , Gu Jinnan . Shell Model Calculation for Light Neutron-Rich Nuclei. Chinese Physics C, 1996, 20(S2): 165-170.
[17]	Yang Weifan , Yuan Shuanggui , Zhang Xueqian , Yu Xian , Mou Wantong , Li Zhongwei , Gan Zaiguo , Liu Hongye , Guo Junsheng , Zhong Jiquan , Sun Xiangfu . Synthesis and Gamma Decay of New Heavy Neutron-Rich Isotope ¹⁷⁵Er. Chinese Physics C, 1996, 20(S1): 1-2.
[18]	Wang Jicheng , Zhang Li , Guo guanghui , Zhao Jinhua , Zheng Jiwen . Cross-section Measurement of Neutron-Rich Hg Nuclides in Reaction of 28 MeV/u ¹⁸O with Thick Natural Lead Target. Chinese Physics C, 1995, 19(S3): 241-246.
[19]	Yang Weifan , Yuan Shuanggui , Mou Wantong , Zhang Xueqian , Li Zongwei , Yu Xian , Gan Zaiguo , Liu Hongye , Guo Yingxiang , Zhao Jinhua , Lei Xiangguo , Guo Junsheng , Du Yifei , Zhao Lili , Zhang Xiang . A New Heavy Neutron-Rich Isotope ²³⁹Pa. Chinese Physics C, 1995, 19(S3): 221-222.
[20]	Wu Chongshi , Zeng Jinyan . Nuclear Pairing Phase Transition. Chinese Physics C, 1988, 12(S1): 81-90.

Access

Get Citation

Fei Niu and Chun-Wang Ma. Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(3): 034102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/3/034102

Fei Niu and Chun-Wang Ma. Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions[J]. Chinese Physics C, 2018, 42(3): 034102. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/42/3/034102 shu

RIS(for EndNote,Reference Manager,ProCite)

BibTex

Txt

Milestone

Received: 2017-10-24
Revised: 2017-12-25

Fund

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1732135), Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (162300410179) and Henan Normal University for the Excellent Youth (154100510007)

Article Metric

Article Views(1595)
PDF Downloads(29)
Cited by(0)

Policy on re-use

To reuse of subscription content published by CPC, the users need to request permission from CPC, unless the content was published under an Open Access license which automatically permits that type of reuse.

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions

Abstract：

References

Access

Article Metrics

Metrics

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Email This Article

Pairing-energy coefficients of neutron-rich fragments in spallation reactions

Corresponding author: Chun-Wang Ma,

HTML

目录