Highlights
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Searches for heavy neutrinos at a 3 TeV CLIC in fat jet final states
2026, 50(3): 033110. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae2d24
Heavy Majorana neutrinos (N) are predicted in many models of physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we explore the production and detection prospects of TeV-scale heavy neutrinos ($ m_N \gtrsim 1 $ TeV) at a future 3 TeV Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). We focus on two distinct decay topologies: (i) $ N \to \ell^\pm W^\mp $ with hadronic W boson decay, leading to a final state with one charged lepton and a hadronic fat jet $ J_W $; and (ii) $ N \to \nu h $ with subsequent Higgs decay $ h \to b\bar{b} $, yielding a Higgs-tagged fat jet $ J_h $ and $\not{E}_T$. Based on comprehensive detector-level simulations and background analysis, we present both $ 2\sigma $ exclusion limits and $ 5\sigma $ discovery reaches in the $ m_N $–$ |V_{\ell N}|^2 $ plane. We further extract 95% confidence level upper limits on the mixing parameter $ |V_{\ell N}|^2 $ and perform a detailed comparison with existing constraints from direct searches at future colliders and indirect global fits. Our findings demonstrate that a 3 TeV CLIC can improve the sensitivity to $ |V_{\ell N}|^2 $ by about two orders of magnitude compared with the projected reaches of future hadron colliders while remaining competitive with other CLIC search channels. -
Particle-number conserving analysis of the πd5/2 band in 117,119,121,123,125Cs
2026, 50(3): 034107. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae1de6
The $ \pi d_{5/2} $ rotational bands in odd-even nuclei 117,119,121,123,125Cs are systematically investigated using the cranked shell model (CSM) with the pairing correlations modeled with a particle number conserving (PNC) method. In this PNC method, the particle number is conserved exactly while considering the blocking effects. The experimental observations of the $ \pi d_{5/2} $ bands with two upbendings for 117,119Cs and one backbending for 125Cs are reproduced very well by the PNC-CSM method. Furthermore, $ \pi d_{5/2} $ configuration bands with two upbendings for 121Cs and one backbending for 123Cs are predicted by the PNC-CSM calculations. The difference between the lighter 117,119,121Cs and heavier 123,125Cs isotopes is caused by the evolution of single-particle orbitals near the Fermi surface, and the high-j low-Ω orbital $ \pi [550]1/2 $ plays an important role. The proton shell gap of lighter isotopes is at $ Z=50 $, whereas it appears at $ Z=48 $ for heavier ones. For lighter isotopes 117,119,121Cs, the first upbending is primarily due to the off-diagonal contributions of protons $ j_{x}(\pi5/2^{-}[532]\pi3/2^{-}[541]) $ and $ j_{x}(\pi1/2^{-}[550]\pi3/2^{-}[541]) $. The second upbending is mainly effected by the off-diagonal contributions of neutrons $ j_{x}(\nu7/2^{-}[523] \nu5/2^{-}[532]) $ and $ j_{x}(\nu3/2^{-}[541] \nu5/2^{-}[532]) $ for 117,119Cs and $ j_{x}(\nu1/2^{-}[541] \nu5/2^{-}[532]) $ for 121Cs, respectively. For heavier isotopes such as 123,125Cs, the backbending is attributed mainly to the diagonal parts of proton $ j_{x}(\pi1/2^{-}[550]) $ and neutron $ \nu7/2^{-}[523] $ orbital related terms of diagonal $ j_{x}(\nu7/2^{-}[523]) $ and off-diagonal $ j_{x}(\nu7/2^{-}[523] \nu5/2^{-}[532]) $ contributions. -
Comprehensive investigation on baryon number violating nucleon decays involving an axion-like particle
2026, 50(3): 033103. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae25c9
In this study, we systematically investigate baryon number violating (BNV) nucleon decays into an axion-like particle (ALP) within a low energy effective field theory extended with an ALP, which is referred to as aLEFT. Unlike previous studies in the literature, we consider contributions to nucleon decays from a complete set of dimension-eight BNV aLEFT operators involving light u, d, and s quarks. We perform the chiral irreducible representation (irrep) decomposition of these interactions under the QCD chiral group ${S U}(3)_{\mathtt{L}}\times {S U}(3)_{\mathtt{R}}$ and match them onto the recently developed chiral framework to obtain nucleon-level effective interactions among the ALP, octet baryons, and octet pseudoscalar mesons. Within this framework, we derive general expressions for the decay widths of nucleon two- and three-body decays involving an ALP. Subsequently, we analyze momentum distributions for three-body modes and find that operators belonging to the newly identified chiral irreps ${\bf{6}}_{{\mathtt{L}}({\mathtt{R}})}\times {\bf{3}}_{{\mathtt{R}}({\mathtt{L}})}$ exhibit markedly different behavior compared to that in the usual irreps ${\bf{8}}_{{\mathtt{L}}({\mathtt{R}})}\times \pmb{1}_{{\mathtt{R}}({\mathtt{L}})}$ and ${\bf{3}}_{{\mathtt{L}}({\mathtt{R}})}\times \bar{{\bf{3}}}_{{\mathtt{R}}({\mathtt{L}})}$. In addition, we reanalyze experimental data collected by Super-Kamiokande and establish bounds on the inverse decay widths of these new modes by properly accounting for experimental efficiencies and Cherenkov threshold effects because of the lack of direct constraints on those exotic decay modes. Our recasting constraints are several orders of magnitude more stringent than inclusive bounds used in the literature. Based on these improved bounds, we set conservative limits on associated effective scales across a broad range of ALP mass and predict stringent bounds on certain neutron and hyperon decays involving an ALP.
Just Accepted
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Gluon Wigner distributions with transverse polarization at non-zero skewness
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Minimal lepton models with non-holomorphic modular A4 symmetry
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Where Does Tracing of Cosmic Ray in Real Atmosphere Terminate?
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- Erratum: Thermal pairing treatment within the path integral formalism [Chin. Phys. C, 48 (11): 114102 (2024)]
- Erratum: Extracting the kinetic freeze-out properties of high energy pp collisions at the LHC with event shape classifiers (Chin. Phys. C 50(1): 014108 (2026))
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A simple model for nuclear modification of parton distribution functions
2026, 50(3): 034109-034109-12. doi: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae25caShow AbstractA model for the nuclear medium modification of parton densities is presented. The approach is based on a global analysis of available deep inelastic scattering data for different nuclear targets within the rescaling model, combined with the effects of Fermi motion. The scale dependence is implemented through the DGLAP-evolved quark and gluon densities in a proton derived analytically at the leading order of QCD coupling. By fitting the rescaling parameters to experimental data on the ratio $F_2^A(x,Q^2)/F_2^{A^\prime}(x,Q^2) $ for several nuclear targets A and A', we obtain predictions for nuclear parton distributions, even for unmeasured nuclei. The effects of nuclear modifications are investigated with respect to the mass number A. We highlight distinct shadowing and antishadowing behaviors for gluons and quarks.
Current Issued
2026 Vol. 50, No. 2
Published: 02 February 2026
Published: 02 February 2026
Archive
IF: 3.1
Monthly issued, founded in 1977
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ISSN 1674-1137 CN 11-5641/O4
Original research articles, Ietters and reviews Covering theory and experiments in the fieids of
- Particle physics
- Nuclear physics
- Particle and nuclear astrophysics
- Cosmology
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Cover Story
- Cover Story (Issue 2, 2026) |The images of Brans-Dicke-Kerr type naked singularities
- Cover Story (Issue 1, 2026) A focused review of quintom cosmology: from quintom dark energy to quintom bounce
- Cover Story (Issue 11, 2025) The Earth-Magnet Assists DAMPE in Studying Cosmic Anti-Electrons
- Cover Story (Issue 9, 2025): Precise measurement of χc0 resonance parameters and branching fractions of χc0,c2→π＋π－/ K+K-
- Cover Story (Issue 8, 2025) A Novel Perspective on Spacetime Perturbations: Bridging Riemannian and Teleparallel Frameworks
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